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30 Things to do in Mauritania This Year

September 5, 2024

Wondering things to do in Mauritania? There are countless places of interest in this beautiful African country. Aside from several popular tourist attractions, there are many interesting places too..

So, buckle up! Because Mauritania is a country that promises to captivate your heart and challenge your sense of adventure. Are you ready?

Things to Know About Mauritania

Mauritania, country on the Atlantic coast of Africa. Mauritania forms a geographic and cultural bridge between the North African Maghrib (a region that also includes Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia) and the westernmost portion of sub-Saharan Africa.

Culturally, it forms a transitional zone between the Arab-Amazigh (Berber) populations of North Africa and the African peoples in the region to the south of the Tropic of Cancer known as the Sudan.

Much of Mauritania encompasses part of the Sahara desert, and, until the drought conditions that affected most of that zone of Africa in the 1970s, a large proportion of the population was nomadic.

The country’s mineral wealth includes large reserves of iron ore, copper, and gypsum, all of which are now being exploited, as well as some oil resources.

Mauritania was administered as a French colony during the first half of the 20th century and became independent on November 28, 1960. By the terms of the constitution, Islam is the official state religion. But the republic guarantees freedom of conscience and religious liberty to all.

Arabic is the official language; Fula, Soninke, and Wolof are national languages. The capital, Nouakchott, is located in the southwestern part of the country.

What is Mauritania Know For

1. Desert landscapes

Mauritania is famed for its vast desert landscapes, including the Sahara Desert. The country features some of the most striking and expansive sand dunes and desert scenery in the world.

2. Ancient trading cities

Mauritania is home to ancient trading cities like Chinguetti and Ouadane, which were major stops along the trans-Saharan trade routes. These cities are known for their historical architecture, ancient manuscripts, and cultural heritage.

3. Islamic heritage

Mauritania has a deep Islamic heritage, with numerous historical mosques, ancient libraries, and centers of Islamic learning. Chinguetti, for example, is renowned for its ancient libraries that house priceless manuscripts.

4. Nomadic culture

The country has a rich nomadic heritage, with traditional communities like the Moors and Fulani who have lived a nomadic lifestyle for centuries. Their culture, customs, and traditional practices are an integral part of Mauritania’s identity.

5. Mauritania railway (iron ore train)

The Mauritania railway is notable for being one of the longest trains in the world, transporting iron ore from the mining town of Zouérat to the port city of Nouadhibou. It offers a unique travel experience across the desert.

6. Diverse wildlife

The country’s national parks, like Diawling National Park, offer opportunities to see diverse wildlife, including various bird species, monkeys, and other animals. These parks contrast with the arid desert landscape and showcase Mauritania’s natural diversity.

Best Time to Visit Mauritania

The winter season of November to March is the best time to visit Mauritania, when it’s warm but notscorching, though nights can be chilly.

From May to June temperatures are at their highest, reaching into the 40°Cs in some areas. It’s also at this time of year that the winds pick up, sometimes resulting in sandstorms across the desert.

From July to September the rainy season kicks in, and heavy downpours can cause a flooding risk in Nouakchott. If you’re looking for a cultural experience, Mauritanians head to oases towns for the annual date harvest from mid June to August.

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30 Things to do in Mauritania

1. Explore the ancient city of Chinguetti

Chinguetti, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is an ancient desert town known for its historic libraries and Islamic architecture. It was once a major trading post for caravans crossing the Sahara and remains a symbol of Mauritania’s rich cultural heritage. Wander through its winding streets, visit the ancient libraries, and admire the stunning mosques built from local stone.

2. Visit the Banc d’Arguin National Park

The Banc d’Arguin National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a paradise for bird watchers. The park, located along the Atlantic coast, is home to millions of migratory birds, including flamingos, pelicans, and terns. You can take a boat tour with local Imraguen fishermen and marvel at the unique ecosystem of the area, where the desert meets the ocean.

3. Experience the rich history of Ouadane

Ouadane is another ancient trading post located in the Sahara Desert. This medieval city, built on a rocky hill, is known for its historic architecture and the remnants of its once-thriving trade. Explore the ancient ruins, the old mosque, and the city’s streets, where history and tradition still linger.

4. Take a ride on the iron ore train

The Mauritania Railway, also known as the Iron Ore Train, is one of the longest trains in the world. The train, which stretches over 2.5 kilometers, transports iron ore from the mining town of Zouérat to the port city of Nouadhibou. Adventurous travelers can hitch a ride in the open freight wagons for an unforgettable experience of crossing the Sahara.

5. Visit the capital city, Nouakchott

Nouakchott, the capital and largest city of Mauritania, offers a fascinating blend of modernity and tradition. Visit the lively markets, explore the National Museum, and relax at the beaches. The city’s fish market is also a must-see, where you can watch fishermen bring in their daily catch.

6. Visit the Terjit Oasis

Located in the Adrar region, the Terjit Oasis is a hidden gem in the desert. The oasis, surrounded by palm trees and cliffs, is a perfect spot for relaxation and contemplation. Enjoy the cool water from the natural springs and take in the tranquil atmosphere of this serene location.

7. Marvel at the Richat Structure (Eye of the Sahara)

The Richat Structure, also known as the “Eye of the Sahara,” is a geological wonder that can be seen from space. This massive circular formation, located in the middle of the desert, is thought to be the result of erosion. While you cannot fully appreciate its scale from the ground, a visit to the area offers a surreal experience of standing in one of the world’s most mysterious geological formations.

8. Explore the desert on camelback

No trip to Mauritania would be complete without experiencing a camel trek in the Sahara Desert. Several tours offer the opportunity to explore the vast desert landscape, visit remote nomadic camps, and experience the traditional lifestyle of the Mauritanian people.

9. Stay in a traditional nomadic tent

For a truly authentic experience, spend a night in a Khaima, a traditional Mauritanian nomadic tent. These tents are made from camel hair and offer a comfortable and immersive way to experience the desert.

10. Discover the ancient libraries of Chinguetti

The libraries of Chinguetti are home to thousands of ancient Islamic manuscripts dating back hundreds of years. These manuscripts cover various subjects, including religion, science, mathematics, and astronomy. Visiting these libraries offers a glimpse into the intellectual history of Mauritania.

11. Hike through the Adrar Plateau

The Adrar Plateau is a stunning landscape of sand dunes, rocky cliffs, and ancient settlements. Hiking through this region offers a chance to see breathtaking desert scenery, visit remote villages, and discover ancient rock art.

12. Explore the Guelb er Richat (The Richat Structure)

Known as the “Eye of the Sahara,” the Guelb er Richat is one of the most distinctive geological features in Mauritania. Its concentric circles are visible from space, and it’s a popular destination for those interested in natural history and geology.

13. Explore the ancient ruins of Aoudaghost

The ancient city of Aoudaghost was a vital trading hub during the trans-Saharan trade era. Today, visitors can explore its ruins and imagine what life was like in this once-thriving city.

14. Experience the Mauritanian desert culture

Mauritania’s desert culture is deeply tied to its nomadic heritage. Visitors can learn about traditional nomadic practices, such as camel herding, tent-making, and tea ceremonies. Stay with a nomadic family to experience their way of life firsthand.

15. Visit the holy city of Oualata

The city of Oualata is known for its beautifully decorated houses and rich history as a center of Islamic learning. This UNESCO World Heritage site was once a major stop on the trans-Saharan trade route and remains an important cultural and historical landmark.

16. Go sandboarding in the Sahara desert

For adventure enthusiasts, sandboarding down the vast dunes of the Sahara is a thrilling experience. The Adrar region offers some of the best dunes for sandboarding in Mauritania.

17. Explore the market in Atar

The bustling market in Atar, the capital of the Adrar region, is a great place to buy traditional Mauritanian goods, including textiles, jewelry, and spices. It’s also an excellent spot to immerse yourself in the daily life of the local people.

18. Visit the Mosque of Friday in Chinguetti

The Mosque of Friday, located in Chinguetti, is one of the oldest mosques in West Africa and a symbol of Islamic heritage in the region. Its distinctive minaret, built from local stone, is a must-see for visitors interested in the history and architecture of Mauritania.

19. Explore the desert city of Tidjikja

Tidjikja, located in central Mauritania, is another desert town known for its traditional architecture and palm groves. The town offers a tranquil atmosphere and is a gateway to the Tagant Plateau, where visitors can explore stunning landscapes and rock art.

20. Explore the desert Ccaves of Dhar Tichitt

The Dhar Tichitt is a remote area known for its ancient cave dwellings and rock art. Archaeological evidence suggests that the area was inhabited as far back as 2000 BCE, making it one of the oldest known human settlements in West Africa.

21. Relax at Nouadhibou beach

Nouadhibou, located on the Atlantic coast, offers beautiful beaches and a relaxed atmosphere. Spend a day at the beach, explore the local markets, or take a boat tour to see the local marine life.

22. Visit the desert lakes of Aoukar Basin

The Aoukar Basin is a series of ancient lakes located in the middle of the desert. These lakes, though largely dried up today, are a fascinating place to explore and offer a glimpse into the region’s ancient past when the Sahara was a lush, green environment.

23. Take a road trip along the Trans-Saharan Highway

The Trans-Saharan Highway runs through Mauritania and is one of the most adventurous road trips in Africa. The journey offers stunning desert landscapes, remote villages, and the chance to meet nomadic people along the way.

24. Visit the city of Kiffa

Kiffa, located in southern Mauritania, is known for its traditional Kiffa beads, which are handmade from powdered glass. Visitors can learn about the bead-making process and purchase these beautiful and unique pieces of jewelry.

25. Explore the Tagant Plateau

The Tagant Plateau is a highland region known for its dramatic cliffs, deep canyons, and ancient rock art. It’s a great place for hiking, wildlife watching, and exploring Mauritania’s rich history.

26. Discover ancient rock art in Amogjar Pass

The Amogjar Pass, located near Atar, is home to ancient rock carvings depicting animals, people, and scenes from daily life thousands of years ago. The carvings offer a fascinating insight into the history and culture of the region’s early inhabitants.

27.Attend a traditional Mauritanian music performance

Mauritania has a rich musical tradition that includes the Moorish griot music and other regional styles. Visitors can attend a traditional music performance and experience the unique sounds and rhythms of Mauritanian music.

28. Explore the desert landscapes of Hodh Ech Chargui

The Hodh Ech Chargui region, located in the eastern part of Mauritania, is known for its remote desert landscapes and traditional nomadic culture. It’s a great place to experience the solitude of the desert and learn about the customs of the nomadic people.

29. See the wildlife of Diawling National Park

Located in the southwest of Mauritania, Diawling National Park is home to a variety of wildlife, including monkeys, warthogs, and many species of birds. The park is part of the Senegal River Delta and offers a contrast to the arid desert landscape found elsewhere in the country.

30. Visit the port city of Nouadhibou

Nouadhibou, Mauritania’s second-largest city, is an important port and industrial hub. While visiting, check out the shipwrecks along the coast, which are remnants of Nouadhibou’s history as a ship graveyard.

Conclusion

From the expansive deserts to ancient cities, Mauritania offers a wealth of experiences for those willing to explore its remote and beautiful landscapes. Whether you’re seeking adventure, cultural immersion, or relaxation, these activities provide a starting point for discovering the magic of this unique West African nation.

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